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Watch the video tutorial about setting up a W-AIR Multicell Network (registration is required):

Description

System architecture

W-AIR is a Wildix cordless solution. The system supports auto-provisioning enabling instant connection to the Wildix PBX. Due to high scalability, new components are quickly and easily integrated to guarantee the better performance.

Wildix W-AIR system uses the wireless technology CAT-iq (Cordless Advanced Technology – Internet quality). 

The architecture consists of three components:

1. Base station - an essential component of a DECT system. Wildix W-AIR base stations:

• Multicell base stations: W-AIR Base (End Of Life), W-AIR Base Outdoor, W-AIR Base Sync Plus, W-AIR Base Sync Plus Outdoor
• Single Cell base station: W-AIR Base Small Business. Documentation: W-AIR Small Business - Admin Guide, W-AIR Small Business R1 OLD - Admin Guide

2. Repeater - extends the signal coverage of the base station.

3. Cordless endpoints:

Wildix W-AIR handsets: W-AIR Basic (ex W-AIR 70), W-AIR 100 (End Of Life), W-AIR LifeSaver (ex W-AIR 150), W-AIR Med, W-AIR Office and W-AIR Headset. Follow the online Guides to get detailed information: W-AIR DECT Handsets Guide, W-AIR Headset Guide.

Multicell network scalability and features

Sync over LAN with W-AIR Base Sync Plus/ W-AIR Base Sync Plus Outdoor:

• LAN PTP Sync or Sync over the air (for sync over the air, refer to W-AIR Network Admin Guide - Sync over the air)
• Up to 16000 users per system
• Up to 30* users registered to 1 base station
• Up to 4000 bases per system
• Up to 8 concurrent calls** per base:

  •  8 narrow band channels in multi-cell mode (10 in single cell mode)

  • 4 CAT-iq wideband channels

• Up to 8 concurrent handovers per base
• Up to 3 repeaters per base 
  • Up to 50 bases - 3 repeaters
  • 50-125 bases - 1 repeater
  • More than 125 bases - no repeater
• Up to 5 concurrent calls per repeater
• Up to 100 repeaters per system
• Base station indoor range: 50 m; outdoor range: 300m

Advantages of LAN PTP Sync

• PTP is using multicast for message transport
• A multicast IP and Port has been standardized
• PTP defines a domain number embedded in each datagram, which makes it is possible to run 128 parallel systems
• PTP defines a PTP-Primary role and a PTP-Secondary role; the role can be auto negotiated or forced by configuration
• Only one primary device can be active within a PTP domain.
• The device with the primary role dictates the synchronization, and the devices with the secondary role try to follow as close as possible
• PTP use the IP-network to keep the sync between the devices

Sync over the air: base stations must be able to see each other:

Sync over LAN: base stations are not required to see each other, roaming and handover can be performed, as long as the handset can see both base stations:

As a result:

• Easier deployments
• Better coverage
• Less Base Stations

Network requirements

In order to minimize the impact from other devices on the network, the following requirements to the network infrastructure are listed: 

• A maximum number of 3 cascaded Ethernet switches are supported between the primary device and secondary devices
• Only switches, which fulfill the requirements regarding Ethernet synchronization according to IEEE1588, are recommended and officially supported
• All base stations must be connected to a dedicated DECT VLAN
• The DECT VLAN must be configured to the highest priority in all the switches that are connected to the DECT infrastructure
• The backbone network load should not exceed 50 percent of the total link capacity
• The Ethernet switch must be able to use DSCP as QoS parameter
• The network must support multicast datagrams from IEEE1588

Connecting 3 Repeaters in a chain:

Base Station and Repeater positioning: phone must be able to see both base stations (dBm value must be between -75 and 0):

Handover and Roaming

Handover

Handover is a process in which a call is transmitted from one base station to another without interrupting the session.

When the call is set up, the handset is located at Base 1. Thus, the DECT communication takes place between the handset and Base 1, and the SIP signaling as signalling as well as the RTP stream takes place between Base 1 and the PBX:

After handover, the handset is located at Base 2, and hence the DECT communication goes on between the handset and Base 2. However, to avoid disruption of the audio, the RTP stream is relayed via the initial base station, since a transfer of the RTP stream to another base may cause the PBX to re-initialize the RTP stream with a small disruption of the RTP stream as consequence. Thus, RTP stream is not affected by the handover, and since the call control also remains at Base 1, SIP signaling signalling is also unaffected, as shown below:

Since the call control and hence the SIP User Agent remains at the initial base station, the SIP registration is also unaffected by the handover. If the handset makes yet another handover, the RTP stream will still be relayed via the base station at which the call was established (Base 1 in our case):

Roaming

By roaming it is meant that the handset moves its SIP and DECT registration from one base station to another base station. Roaming can only be initiated from idle.

Roaming does not immediately result in a new SIP registration, to avoid unnecessary signalingsignalling. Therefore, the handset will not perform a new DECT Location Registration until it has resided on the same base station for a defined period of time*. Since the SIP registration is initiated by the completion of the Location Registration, a new SIP registration will also not be done until this procedure has completed on a new base station. Thus, a handset must stay on the same base station before a new SIP registration is made.

*How the period of time after which Location Registration is performed, is defined:

1. Handsets lose contact to the initial base station due to reset/ power off/ heavy DECT traffic

2. After 5 minutes but before 5+2 minutes (+2 minutes occur when service connection traffic is signalled at the same time as location registration should take place; in this case the location registration procedure will be delayed)

If an incoming call arrives while the handset has moved to another base station (Base 2 in our example) but the new Location Registration was not yet performed, the SIP call will arrive at the initial base station (Base 1 in our example), the RTP stream will be set up between Base 2 and the PBX. Alternatively, in the case of an outgoing call, the SIP call will be established from the initial base station, and the RTP stream will be set up between Base 2 and the PBX:

Deployment considerations

The following radio related issues should be considered before deploying a W-AIR DECT Network:

• Building Penetration: when a signal strikes on a building it is diffracted or absorbed; therefore the signal can be reduced. The amount of absorption depends on the building and its environment, the amount of solid structure
• Interference Sources: other signals can create interferences and weaken the signals of the receiving antennas. These interferences can come from the same network or from the outside. For choosing the optimal position of the Base station and Repeaters, these potential interference sources should be considered before installing a Wildix W-AIR system
• Radio/ Cell Range: a suggested distance between two base stations depends on the physical path between them. If the path loss is lessened, e.g. by minimizing the amount of walls/ obstacles on the path, then the signals of the base stations cover more distance. In a typical office building a suggested distance between two base stations is 30-40 m

Capacity planning

The maximum quantity of calls is indicated in the list below:

• Base stations: up to 8 simultaneous calls
• Repeaters: up to 5 simultaneous calls

Call 76 Feature code (Echo) on your W-AIR Handset to test the voice quality.

Network topology

Bad network topology: (there are more than three switches connected in a cascade)

Good network topology: (no more than three switches connected in a cascade)

• A maximum number of 3 cascaded Ethernet switches are supported between the primary device and secondary devices
• Only switches that correspond to Ethernet synchronization requirements according to IEEE1588, are supported. It is recommended to use Wildix Switches
• All base stations must be connected to a dedicated DECT VLAN. DECT VLAN must be configured to the highest priority in all the switches that are connected to the DECT infrastructure
• The backbone network load should not exceed 50 percent of the total link capacity
• The Ethernet switch must be able to use DSCP as QoS parameter
• The network must support multicast datagrams from IEEE1588

...

• Mounting screws x 2 and anchors x 2
• Plastic wall mount x 1
• Base station unit x 1
• Power supply adapter is not included (item can be ordered separately, code: PS-WAIR-Base-Sync-Plus - 5 pcs - 5V 2A EU, US, UK - Power Supply for WAIR-Base-Sync-Plus)

W-AIR Base Sync Plus Outdoor:

• Box Top Housing x 1
• Plastic Screws x 4
• Foam Support x 1
• Base station unit x 1
• Wall Mount Bracket x 1
• Mounting Plate x 1
• Screws x 4
• Box Bottom Housing

W-AIR Repeater:

• Power adapter x 1
• Repeater unit x 1

...

Mount the base unit as high as possible to clear all nearby objects (e.g. office cubicles and cabinets, etc.). Make sure that when you fix the base stations with screws, the screws do not touch the PCB on the unit. Avoid all contacts with any high voltage lines.

W-AIR Base Sync Plus Outdoor

1. Take out the base:
   1. Unscrew 4 plastic screws to open the Box Top
   2. Unscrew 4 screws mounted on the Mounting Plate 
   3. Unscrew the 2 screws from the bottom of the base station
   4. Push the base station upwards to detach it from the Metal Wall Mount Plate
2. Install the base:
   1. Put the LAN cable into the Mounting Plate 
   2. Attach the base station into the mounting plate using two bottom screws
   3. Insert the cable through the cable bushing and put on the bushing foam
   4. Insert the cable bushing into the Bottom Housing
   5. Place the base station into the outdoor Box Housing 
   6. Attach the Box Top Housing, plug in the wall mount nuts

Find Base station IP

On the handset press Menu key followed by the keys: *47* to get the handset into find bases menu. Depending on the amount of powered on bases with active radios and the distance to the base it can take up to minutes to find a base.

...

• LED blinks green with a double pulse during the first registration process
• LED blinks green during the connection process
• LED remains solid green when it is registered to a base station
• LED blinks green with a fast pulse when a phone connected to the Repeater starts a new call, during the conversation it blinks red
• LED becomes solid red if the Repeater fails to connect to the base station
• Double color flashing (red/green): Repeater is in recovery mode for one of the following reasons (try to re-assign Repeater to Base station):
  • Repeater is locked to base/repeater without repeater mode activated
  • Sync source base/repeater not found (Manual mode)
  • Timeout during RPN allocation due to busy base/repeater

W-AIR Network configuration

Step 1. Provision base stations

For detailed instructions, refer to Provisioning of Wildix devices - Admin Guide.

Go to menu Devices of the WMS, click +Add and provision the gateway. Provisioned base stations appear in the table of Devices.

...

After you have enabled the option "Sync Plus via Ethernet" (described in the previous chapter, Step 2), you can view the multicell network configuration on the base station's web interface, menu LAN Sync:

...

You can check the Delay and the Jitter on the base station's interface, menu LAN Sync:

Expected jitter levels for different types of switches:

• Fix parts connected to Aruba HP switch will have expected jitter < 300ns
• Fix parts connected via 3 layer switch will have expected jitter < 500ns
• Fix parts connected via 7 layers switch will have expected jitter < 2000ns 

Diagnostics Logging 

...

• Go to Diagnostics -> Logging
• Enable RSX internal tracing and click Save
• After diagnostics information is collected, you can download traces

Statistics 

Menu Statistics, accessible via base station web interface, offers access to four administrative menus, allowing the system administrator to monitor:

• System
• Calls
• Repeater
• DECT data
• Call quality.

System data

Free running explained

Free running is NOT an error state, but is a simple trigger state, indicating that some changes have to be made to ensure continuous DECT synchronization.

Free running tells the application that the base has not received any sync data from its sync source base station during the last 10 seconds.

The reasons for this behavior can be the following:

1. Two bases are using the same DECT slot and therefore cannot see each other.
2. Too many simultaneous calls.
3. A sudden change of environment (e.g. closing a fire door)/.
4. Distortion of DECT frequency (around 1.8MHz) either by other DECT systems or other equipment.

When the Free running state is trigged the following actions are recommended:

1. Move DECT slot to avoid using the same DECT slot as another base as its synchronization source base state.
2. Use information from other base stations, to check how they are seeing this base station in the DECT air.

Free running activates several recovery mechanisms: the state changes to Assisted lock. The state Assisted lock can remain stable for a long time and normally changes to state Locked again. The state Free Running can also change back to state Locked again.

If the base is in state Free running and the synchronization source base station cannot be seen and no data is available for the assisted lock mechanism, the base station will change to a new state after 2 minutes:

1. If the base station does NOT have any active calls, the base will change to state Searching.
2. If the base station has an active call, this base will change to state Sync lost. After the call is released, the state will change to state Searching.

Call data

Repeater data

DECT data

Call Features 

DND, Call forwarding, Paging, Call intrusion, Intercom

...

1. Go to the menu Extensions

2. Click on the field “Idx” or “Extension” of the handset:

   
   

3. The following window is displayed, allowing you to set up emergency settings:

   
   

4. Modify the parameter “Alarm Number”: enter the number to be called when the alarm is triggered from the handset:

   Note
   You can enter an extension number that must be called or customize the service by modifying the Dialplan in the WMS and to add the “Alarm Number” as a Called number into a Dialplan procedure.

   
   

5. Tick off the Profiles that you wish to enable for this handset

6. Click Save at the bottom of the page

7. Go to Management menu and click Save and reboot to reboot the base station and apply the new parameters

Alarms localization

Read the guide How to get location of W-AIR Base Station in case of emergency alarm. The guide explains how to get the location of the nearest W-AIR Base Station in W-AIR Network in case of an emergency alarm triggered on the W-AIR Handset.

...