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Part 1: AGI in “Custom Application”

...

This Dialplan is assigned to user 102.
NoOp function serves to display the variable value in logs:

Conditions in Dialplan

You can use execute a conditional jump to another Dialplan procedure, based on the boolean result (true or false) of the Gotoif function.

Syntax to execute a jump: GotoIf(condition?label1:label2)

...

The condition syntax is the following one: $[expr1operatorexpr2], where

• expr can be a variable, a value, a function, an expression (expressions can be nested)

• operator as a rule it is relational (comparison) operator ( =, <>..); for nested expressions it’s possible to use logical operators AND, OR, NOT (explained below)

...

expr1 >= expr2 → greater than or equal

Example:  

In this example:

set(FOO=1) - we introduce FOO variable with the value 1.

...

• condition: $[${FOO} = 1]

• label1: users,101,1

• label2: users,102,1

Condition practical examples and useful functions

Example 1: Check  if a device is INUSE before sending a call  

GotoIf($[ ${DEVICE_STATE(SIP/100)} == NOT_INUSE ]?context,101,1)

The function DEVICE_STATE(SIP/100) returns the state of the device, results can be:
UNKNOWN | NOT_INUSE | INUSE | BUSY | INVALID |UNAVAILABLE | RINGING | RINGINUSE | ONHOLD

Example 2: Check  if there are available users in a call group before sending a call

GotoIf($[ ${QUEUE_MEMBER(2,ready)} == 0 ]?context,101,1)

The function QUEUE_MEMBER(2,ready) count the number of ready members of a call group which are identified by the ID 2

Example 3: Check  if the CALLERID(number) matches a regular expression

GotoIf($[${REGEX("^0[6-7][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9]$" ${CALLERID(number)})}]?noanswer,01,1)

The function REGEX("<regular expression>" <data>)returns true if the regular expression matches the data.  

In the example above we check  if the caller is a French mobile phone:
Start by 0 then a 6 or 7 then followed by 8 digits => ^0[6-7][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9]$

Request to remote server: CURL

CURL allows sending a request to a web page. As a rule, a CURL(url) is used together with Set() in order to write a value received from a web page into a variable:

...

Example 4: Check if the call arriving in the system is from a caller that has called in recently and not been answered - example of sqlite query using SHELL COMMAND

The variable helps to recognize that a call entering the system was from a caller that had recently called in and not been answered. In this case, the call can be routed differently, for instance, to a Call Group.

What it does:
Gets a count of calls from the caller ID number of the current call that:

• had called in in the past 5 minutes
• was NOT answered

For this purpose, a query to CDR is made to get a count of unanswered calls from the Caller ID number over the previous X minutes.

NoOp(FromNumber is ${CALLERID(num)} as an URL parameter:) - detects the Caller ID.

Set(fooCallCount=${CURL(http://192.168.1.1/callernum.php?callernum=$SHELL(value=`sqlite3 /mnt/cdr/cdrdb "select count() from cdr where c_from = '+1${CALLERID(num)}' and answer = '' and start > Datetime('now' ,'localtime','-5 minutes');"` && echo $value)})

To keep it simple, a remote script must return a string or a character. The url string that can integrate variables or functions.

Example: a simple PHP script that returns the value “101” from a remote server:

...

<?php
echo 101;
?>

...

Dial(SIP/${foo})

Add parameters in CURL url

In the following example the PHP script returns “102” if “callernum” parameter is 0612345678, else the script returns “101”.

callernum.php

<?php
if (isset($_GET['callernum']))
{
     $callernum = $_GET['callernum'];
}
Else
{
     $callernum="UNKOWN ID";
}
if ($callernum === "0612345678") {
echo 102;
}
Else
{
echo 101;
}
?>

Set(foo=${CURL(http://192.168.1.1/callernum.php?callernum=${CALLERID(num)})})

Dial(SIP/${foo})

We use the predefined variable ${CALLERID(num)} in the url, but it can be also a function or a variable defined previously.

Request to MySQL server

Dialplan can interact with databases, e.g. MySQL. We can send a request to a MySQL server with MYSQL() function.

A database request requires several steps, here is an example:

...

Example: the database is set as follows:

smartdialplan

...

Callernum

...

Ext

...

0123456789

...

101

...

0612345678

...

102

Set MySQL privileges for the PBX to be able to remotely access to this database.

Use DTMF in call

...

filename: file playback before reading the digits
maxdigits: max acceptable number of digits (in this case user is not required to enter #)
option: There are 3 options:

s(skip): continue the execution immediately if the line is not available.
i(indication): play an indication in case line is not available
n(noanswer): read digits even in case line is not available

...

Read(FOO,00000/smartdialplan/numcommande,3,,,10)

SayNumber(${FOO},f)

Dial(SIP/${FOO})

Implementation of Smart Dialplan: limited access to the phone based on the amount of credits purchased

This service allows granting a user limited access to phone in a hotel or a camping, based on the number of credits he or she has purchased.

How it works:

Database Table: Users

...

ID

...

Current_units

...

1234

...

600

...

2345

...

234

• User calls the dedicated code (555) from the phone

• User enters a secret code for authentication

• Connection to the database is established to check  if this code valid; if the code is wrong, playback “authentication failed”

• Check in the database the amount of the remaining credits; if there are no credits left, playback “no more credits”; else - ask to enter the number consisting of 10 digits

• The max duration of a call is defined based on the number of credits left

• The other party is called

• Once the call is terminated (by user or if reached the max duration of a call), the database values are updated

Implementation:

1. Create a dedicated Dialplan procedure “accounting”

2. Record the missing sounds using Sounds menu

3. Prepare the database

After these initial steps it’s necessary to set up “accounting” procedure:

Context 555 (called number 555)

“Custom applications”:

Read(CALLER,00000/accounting/code,,,,10)

(secret code for authentication)

MYSQL(Connect connid support-fr.wildix.com odessa2016-12 oDess@0912to18 odessa2016-12)

MYSQL(Query resultid ${connid} SELECT credit FROM accounting WHERE id=${CALLER})

MYSQL(Fetch fetchid ${resultid} Current_units)

MYSQL(Clear ${resultid})

NoOp(Current Units : ${Current_units})

(connection to the DB and check the number of credits)

GotoIf($[${Current_units} != NULL]?accounting,0,1:accounting,1,1)

(jump to context 1 if code is wrong, else - context 0)

Context 1 (called number 1)

Play sound “authentication failed”

Hang up

Context 0 (called number 0)

...

Check remaining credits if = 0, go to context 01, if more than 0, go to context 00

Context 01 (called number 01)

Play sound “no more credits”

Hang up

Context 00 (called number 00)

Custom applications:

Read(CALLED,00000/accounting/numcorresp,10,,,10)

(requires user to enter 10 digit called number)

Goto(accounting,${CALLED},1)

Context 0XXXXXXXXX (called number entered by user)

...

(set up max duration time of the call)

Dial the trunk

h context (called number h) - actions to be executed after hangup (update the max duration and the number of credits in the database)

Custom applications:

Set(New_units=$[${Current_units} - ${ANSWEREDTIME}]:

• Set(CallCount= - sets the value of a variable called "CallCount" (can then be used to check later with the 'jump to if' application
• ${SHELL(value=`sqlite3 /mnt/cdr/cdrdb  - executes a Linux SHELL command (sqlite query in this case)
• "select count() from cdr where - gets count of calls from cdrdb
• c_from = '+1${CALLERID(num)}' - checks cdrdb c_from field (contains caller ID numbers)
• answer = '' - checks cdrdb answer field (contains answer timestamps of previous calls; blank if call was not answered)
• start > Datetime('now' ,'localtime','-5 minutes');"` - checks start field in cdrdb for a date/timestamp within the past 5 minutes (notice the -5 minutes portion)
• && echo $value - syntax required by the SHELL command to return the value of the linux shell command that is being executed

NoOp(CallCount is ${CallCount}) - detects a count of calls.

${CallCount} > 0 - If a count of calls is greater than 0, a call will be routed to the Dialplan procedure.

Request to remote server: CURL

CURL allows sending a request to a web page. As a rule, a CURL(url) is used together with Set() in order to write a value received from a web page into a variable:

Set(variablename=${CURL(URL)})

Example:
Set(foo=${CURL(http://myexample.wildix.com/smartdialplan/echo101.php)})

In this example the value returned is 101.

In this way we can pass the caller number to a web page using ${CALLERID(num)} as an URL parameter:
Set(foo=${CURL(http://192.168.1.1/callernum.php?callernum=${CALLERID(num)})})

To keep it simple, a remote script must return a string or a character. The url string that can integrate variables or functions.

Example: a simple PHP script that returns the value “101” from a remote server:

echo.php

<?php
echo 101;
?>

Set(foo=${CURL(http://192.168.1.1/echo.php)})

Dial(SIP/${foo})

Add parameters in CURL url

In the following example the PHP script returns “102” if “callernum” parameter is 0612345678, else the script returns “101”.

callernum.php

<?php
if (isset($_GET['callernum']))
{
     $callernum = $_GET['callernum'];
}
Else
{
     $callernum="UNKOWN ID";
}
if ($callernum === "0612345678") {
echo 102;
}
Else
{
echo 101;
}
?>

Set(foo=${CURL(http://192.168.1.1/callernum.php?callernum=${CALLERID(num)})})

Dial(SIP/${foo})

We use the predefined variable ${CALLERID(num)} in the url, but it can be also a function or a variable defined previously.

Request to MySQL server

Dialplan can interact with databases, e.g. MySQL. We can send a request to a MySQL server with MYSQL() function.

A database request requires several steps, here is an example:

MYSQL(Connect connid 192.168.1.1 smartdialplan Wil01diX@@ smartdialplan)
MYSQL(Query resultid ${connid} SELECT ext FROM callernum WHERE callernum=${CALLERID(num)})
MYSQL(Fetch fetchid ${resultid} FOO)
MYSQL(Clear ${resultid})
MYSQL(Disconnect ${connid})

Connect: Establishing connection to the BDD
Query:  Request execution
Fetch: Reading the result
Clear: Memory cleaning
Disconnect: Disconnection from the BDD

Details of each step:

MYSQL(Connect connid dhhost dbuser dbpass dbname)
Connection to the database: at this stage the credentials, the name of the server and the database are provided. MySQL parameters are passed through the function mysql_real_connect. Connection identifier is returned in ${connid}. If the connection could not be established, then it returns ${connid} == "".

MYSQL(Query resultid ${connid} query-string)
Executes standard MySQL query contained in query string using established connection identified by ${connid}. Result of query is stored in ${resultid}.

MYSQL(Fetch fetchid ${resultid} var1\ var2\ ...\ varN)
If result is fetched, ${fetchid} is set to 1, and the single result is contained in ${resultid} and returned fields are written to ${var1}, ${var2} ... ${varN} respectively. In case of no result, ${fetchid} is set to 0.

MYSQL(Clear ${resultid})
Frees the memory associated to the connection and results.

MYSQL(Disconnect ${connid})
Disconnection from the database.

Example: the database is set as follows:

smartdialplan

Set MySQL privileges for the PBX to be able to remotely access to this database.

Use DTMF in call

DTMF allows interaction of machines with humans and uses the following functions: Read(), SayNumber() and SayDigits().

Read(variable[,filename][,maxdigits][,option][,attempts][,timeout])
Writes a string of digits (terminated by # or containing a certain number of digits)

filename: file playback before reading the digits
maxdigits: max acceptable number of digits (in this case user is not required to enter #)
option: There are 3 options:

s(skip): continue the execution immediately if the line is not available.
i(indication): play an indication in case line is not available
n(noanswer): read digits even in case line is not available

attempts: (if greater than 1) number of attempts in the event no data is entered.
timeout: timeout in seconds; if greater than 0, that value overrides the default timeout.

SayDigits(digits)
Says the digits, one by one, digits can be a variable.

SayNumber(number, gender)
Says number
gender is "f" for female voice; "m" - for male ;"c" - for neutral

Example:

Read(FOO,00000/smartdialplan/numcommande,3,,,10)

SayNumber(${FOO},f)

Dial(SIP/${FOO})

Implementation of Smart Dialplan: limited access to the phone based on the amount of credits purchased

This service allows granting a user limited access to phone in a hotel or a camping, based on the number of credits he or she has purchased.

How it works:

Database Table: Users

• User calls the dedicated code (555) from the phone

• User enters a secret code for authentication

• Connection to the database is established to check  if this code valid; if the code is wrong, playback “authentication failed”

• Check in the database the amount of the remaining credits; if there are no credits left, playback “no more credits”; else - ask to enter the number consisting of 10 digits

• The max duration of a call is defined based on the number of credits left

• The other party is called

• Once the call is terminated (by user or if reached the max duration of a call), the database values are updated

Implementation:

1. Create a dedicated Dialplan procedure “accounting”

2. Record the missing sounds using Sounds menu

3. Prepare the database

After these initial steps it’s necessary to set up “accounting” procedure:

Context 555 (called number 555)

“Custom applications”:

Read(CALLER,00000/accounting/code,,,,10)

(secret code for authentication)

MYSQL(Connect connid support-fr.wildix.com odessa2016-12 oDess@0912to18 odessa2016-12)

MYSQL(Query resultid ${connid} UPDATE accounting SET creditSELECT credit FROM accounting WHERE id=${New_units} WHERE id=${CALLER}) MYSQL(Disconnect ${connid})

Dialplan debug:

-- Executing [555@accounting:1] Read("SIP/252-0000000f", "CALLER,00000/accounting/code,,,,10")
-- <SIP/252-0000000f> Playing '00000/accounting/code.g729' (language 'fr')
-- User entered '1234'
-- Executing [555@accounting:1] MYSQL("SIP/252-0000000f", "Connect connid support-fr.wildix.com odessa2016-12
oDess@0912to18 odessa2016-12")
-- Executing [555@accounting:1] MYSQL("SIP/252-0000000f", "Query resultid 1 SELECT credit FROM accounting WHERE id=1234") -- Executing [555@accounting:1] MYSQL("SIP/252-0000000f", "Fetch fetchid 2 Current_units")
-- Executing [555@accounting:1] MYSQL("SIP/252-0000000f", "Clear 2")
-- Executing [555@accounting:1] NoOp("SIP/252-0000000f", "Current Units : 94")
-- Executing [555@accounting:1] GotoIf("SIP/252-0000000f", "1?accounting,0,1:accounting,1,1")
-- Goto (accounting,0,1)
-- Executing [0@accounting:1] GotoIf("SIP/252-0000000f", "1?accounting,00,1:accounting,01,1")
-- Goto (accounting,00,1)
-- Executing [00@accounting:1] Read("SIP/252-0000000f", "CALLER})

MYSQL(Fetch fetchid ${resultid} Current_units)

MYSQL(Clear ${resultid})

NoOp(Current Units : ${Current_units})

(connection to the DB and check the number of credits)

GotoIf($[${Current_units} != NULL]?accounting,0,1:accounting,1,1)

(jump to context 1 if code is wrong, else - context 0)

Context 1 (called number 1)

Play sound “authentication failed”

Hang up

Context 0 (called number 0)

Custom applicationGotoIf($[${Current_units} > 0]?accounting,00,1:accounting,01,1)

Check remaining credits if = 0, go to context 01, if more than 0, go to context 00

Context 01 (called number 01)

Play sound “no more credits”

Hang up

Context 00 (called number 00)

Custom applications:

Read(CALLED,00000/accounting/numcorresp,10,,,10")-- Accepting a maximum of 10 digits.
-- <SIP/252-0000000f> Playing '00000/accounting/numcorresp.g729' (language 'fr')
-- User entered '0176747983'
-- Executing [00@accounting:1] Goto("SIP/252-0000000f", "accounting,0176747983,1")
-- Goto (accounting,0176747983,1)
-- Executing [0176747983@accounting:1] Set("SIP/252-0000000f", "TIMEOUT(absolute)=104")
-- Channel will hangup at 2016-08-18 13:00:21.241 CEST.
-- Executing [0176747983@accounting:1] NoOp("SIP/252-0000000f", "Executing 'Dial the trunk': number - 0176747983, tr_name
-0276510950, callclass - auto")
-- Executing [0176747983@accounting:1] Dial("SIP/252-0000000f", "SIP/ 0276510950/0176747983,,b(predial^extcall^1(+33176747983,,))")
[Aug 18 12:58:50] WARNING[3772][C-0000000d]: chan_sip.c:32923 handle_request_bye: Got request BYE from peer 252; From: "Trunk test2" <sip:252@frtest.wildixin.com:443>;tag=676021154; To: <sip:555@frtest.wildixin.com:443>;tag=as076b897a; callid - '562925853'. Reason cause: 16 (Normal Clearing)

-- Executing [h@accounting:1] Set(requires user to enter 10 digit called number)

Goto(accounting,${CALLED},1)

Context 0XXXXXXXXX (called number entered by user)

Custom applicationSet(TIMEOUT(absolute)=$[${Current_units} + 10])

(set up max duration time of the call)

Dial the trunk

h context (called number h) - actions to be executed after hangup (update the max duration and the number of credits in the database)

Custom applications:

Set(New_units=$[${Current_units} - ${ANSWEREDTIME}])
MYSQL(Query resultid ${connid} UPDATE accounting SET credit=${New_units} WHERE id=${CALLER}) MYSQL(Disconnect ${connid})

Dialplan debug:

-- Executing [555@accounting:1] Read("SIP/252-0000000f", "CALLER,00000/accounting/code,,,,10")
-- <SIP/252-0000000f> Playing '00000/accounting/code.g729' (language 'fr')
-- User entered '1234'
-- Executing [555@accounting:1] MYSQL("SIP/252-0000000f", "New_units=84Connect connid support-fr.wildix.com odessa2016-12
oDess@0912to18 odessa2016-12")
-- Executing [h@accounting555@accounting:1] MYSQL("SIP/252-0000000f", "Query resultid 1 UPDATE accounting SET credit=84 SELECT credit FROM accounting WHERE id=1234") -- Executing [h@accounting555@accounting:1] MYSQL("SIP/252-0000000f", "Disconnect 1"

Check if the current call arriving in the system is from a caller that has called in recently and not been answered

The variable helps to recognize that a call entering the system was from a caller that had recently called in and not been answered. In this case, the call can be routed differently, for instance, to a Call Group.

What it does:
Gets a count of calls from the caller ID number of the current call that:

• had called in in the past 5 minutes
• was NOT answered

For this purpose, a query to CDR is made to get a count of unanswered calls from the Caller ID number over the previous X minutes.

...

Set(CallCount=${SHELL(value=`sqlite3 /mnt/cdr/cdrdb "select count() from cdr where c_from = '+1${CALLERID(num)}' and answer = '' and start > Datetime('now' ,'localtime','-5 minutes');"` && echo $value)}):

• Set(CallCount= - sets the value of a variable called "CallCount" (can then be used to check later with the 'jump to if' application
• ${SHELL(value=`sqlite3 /mnt/cdr/cdrdb  - executes a Linux SHELL command (sqlite query in this case)
• "select count() from cdr where - gets count of calls from cdrdb
• c_from = '+1${CALLERID(num)}' - checks cdrdb c_from field (contains caller ID numbers)
• answer = '' - checks cdrdb answer field (contains answer timestamps of previous calls; blank if call was not answered)
• start > Datetime('now' ,'localtime','-5 minutes');"` - checks start field in cdrdb for a date/timestamp within the past 5 minutes (notice the -5 minutes portion)
• && echo $value - syntax required by the SHELL command to return the value of the linux shell command that is being executed

NoOp(CallCount is ${CallCount}) - detects a count of calls.

${CallCount} > 0 - If a count of calls is greater than 0, a call will be routed to the Dialplan procedure.Fetch fetchid 2 Current_units")
-- Executing [555@accounting:1] MYSQL("SIP/252-0000000f", "Clear 2")
-- Executing [555@accounting:1] NoOp("SIP/252-0000000f", "Current Units : 94")
-- Executing [555@accounting:1] GotoIf("SIP/252-0000000f", "1?accounting,0,1:accounting,1,1")
-- Goto (accounting,0,1)
-- Executing [0@accounting:1] GotoIf("SIP/252-0000000f", "1?accounting,00,1:accounting,01,1")
-- Goto (accounting,00,1)
-- Executing [00@accounting:1] Read("SIP/252-0000000f", "CALLED,00000/accounting/numcorresp,10,,,10")
-- Accepting a maximum of 10 digits.
-- <SIP/252-0000000f> Playing '00000/accounting/numcorresp.g729' (language 'fr')
-- User entered '0176747983'
-- Executing [00@accounting:1] Goto("SIP/252-0000000f", "accounting,0176747983,1")
-- Goto (accounting,0176747983,1)
-- Executing [0176747983@accounting:1] Set("SIP/252-0000000f", "TIMEOUT(absolute)=104")
-- Channel will hangup at 2016-08-18 13:00:21.241 CEST.
-- Executing [0176747983@accounting:1] NoOp("SIP/252-0000000f", "Executing 'Dial the trunk': number - 0176747983, tr_name
-0276510950, callclass - auto")
-- Executing [0176747983@accounting:1] Dial("SIP/252-0000000f", "SIP/ 0276510950/0176747983,,b(predial^extcall^1(+33176747983,,))")
[Aug 18 12:58:50] WARNING[3772][C-0000000d]: chan_sip.c:32923 handle_request_bye: Got request BYE from peer 252; From: "Trunk test2" <sip:252@frtest.wildixin.com:443>;tag=676021154; To: <sip:555@frtest.wildixin.com:443>;tag=as076b897a; callid - '562925853'. Reason cause: 16 (Normal Clearing)
-- Executing [h@accounting:1] Set("SIP/252-0000000f", "New_units=84")
-- Executing [h@accounting:1] MYSQL("SIP/252-0000000f", "Query resultid 1 UPDATE accounting SET credit=84 WHERE id=1234") -- Executing [h@accounting:1] MYSQL("SIP/252-0000000f", "Disconnect 1"

Part 2: phpAGI in “Remote script”

Integrate PHP in dialplan

You need to:

• Upload PHP AGI (phpagi.sourceforge.net) to /var/www/agi/phpagi/phpagi.php

• Upload test script to /var/www/scripts/test.php

...

Then you can use “remote script” in dialplan, example: Remote script

Microsoft SQL Integration

Create /rw2/var/www/scripts/sqllookup.php

...

• Specify the call destination and the channel to use:

• Channel: <channel>: Channel to use for the call.

• CallerID: "name" <number> Caller ID, please note: it may not work if you do not respect the format: CallerID: "Some Name" <1234>

• MaxRetries: <number> Number of retries before failing (not including the initial attempt, e.g. 0 = total of 1 attempt to make the call). Default is 0.

• RetryTime: <number> Seconds between retries. Default is 300 (5 min).

• WaitTime: <number> Seconds to wait for an answer. Default is 45.

• If the call answers, connect it here:

• Context: <context-name> Context in extensions.conf

• Extension: <ext> Extension definition in extensions.conf

• Priority: <priority> Priority of extension to start with

• Set: Set a variable to be used in the extension logic (example: file1=/tmp/to)

• Application: Application to run (use it instead of specifying context, extension and priority)

• Data: The options to be passed to the application

Use Callfile in dialplan

Create a script file in /var/www/scripts dir.

This script will be executed by dialplan.

Copy a template file and move the duplicated file to /var/spool/callweaver/outgoing/

callfile.sh

------------------------------------------------------
#! /bin/sh
cp /var/www/scripts/test.call /var/www/scripts/temp.call
mv /var/www/scripts/temp.call /var/spool/callweaver/outgoing/
------------------------------------------------------
Give permissions to execute the script.
#chmod +x /var/www/scripts/callfile.sh
Create a template file in /var/www/scripts dir.
Test.call
------------------------------------------------------
Channel: SIP/0276510950/0970720101
Application: Playback
Data: 00000/callfile/message
---------------------------------------------------------

Call a remote script in dialplan.

Part 4: use device comment field for customize CID of outgoing call

...